The pollution is year round, partly from vehicle emissions, partly from heating plant coal burning and partly from domestic/commercial fires for heating and cooking (using coal and wood).
When you fly into Almaty, you will see exactly the situation ... a thick layer that hangs over the city and surrounds perpetually.
The government really does need to resolve this problem rather than just spouting words and not backing them up with actions.
However, if you really want pollution, I can recommend that you come to my city, Ust-Kamenogorsk, about 1 000km NE from Almaty ...