One of the most difficult situations we had to deal with on the island was a medical emergency. First of all don't call 911 for medical care. The ambulance drivers in Puerto Rico are only that - drivers. They are not trained EMTs, so it is best to drive yourself to the hospital. Centro Medico in San Juan is the main trauma center on the island so although you can get emergency care at the other hospitals, you will be transported to Centro Medico for any kind of trauma.
The hospitals are not what you are expecting compared to the US. We actually found the doctors to be good, but the nursing care, the organization, the cleanliness are different standards from the US. So if you end up in the hospital, here is what you need to know. You need a family member or friend with you at all times because the low number of nurses and care they provide is not RN level. You will need to bring your own help. Most doctors do speak English. Most nurses do not speak English is what we found.
You need to bring everything you need to the hospital. Most hospitals provide a flat sheet for the bed - that's it. So sheets, blankets, pillows, towels, paper towels, your own Lysol wipes - we cleaned blood off of crib slats - tissues, etc. Walgreens sells a hospital kit with bed pans, etc. You need that also. Because we weren't planning a hospital visit, we had friends who jumped into action and met us at the hospital with all the above supplies.
Find a good family doctor when you arrive to PR. They will be your best advocate at the hospital. We had two different hospital stays in PR. On one of our stays, our doctor gave us her cell, and she had worked at one of the hospitals in the past. Anytime we had a problem, we called her, and she got things moving at the hospital. You always have to be your own medical advocate even in the States, but in PR you need to speak up even more.
And when we moved there, we had the option to keep our insurance in the US so that we were covered Stateside and on the island. It was a little more expensive than having PR insurance only, but it was so worth it. PR is short on medical specialists, and we did a lot of medical care back in the States. And for both medical emergencies we were close to flying back to the States if we had needed more medical care. Fortunately the situations stabilized, but it was a huge help to have that option.
Just be prepared mentally and emotionally for a different standard especially in the hospitals.