I bought land and had a house built nine years ago. There are so many problems and pitfalls to deal with, such as:
- the property must have a 'red book' (sổ đỏ), the land use certificate. It is like a 50 year lease. You do not own the land, you lease it, and the lease is transferrable.
- have the ward or village land clerk come out and properly repeg the block. Beware of pegs being moved to favour your neighbours.
-if the land is zoned for rice growing, or farming, you must pay a tax to have the house area rezoned as residential land, for which you pay a tax. No need to rezone the whole property.
- you must apply for a building permit and pay tax BEFORE construction starts.
- Engage and architect to draw up plans which comply with building regulations.
- when you engage a builder, engage him to build only. DON'T give him a choice to buy all the buildding materials and internal items in your house.
- Buy all these items yourself, including steel, sand, cement, gravel, doors, windows, plumbing pipes, roof tiles, wall and floor tiles, kitchen and bathroom fixtures, lighting, light switches. Buy the best quality you can afford, because there is so much rubbish on the market.
- use non-slip tiles as much as possible, especially in the bathroom and balcony. Vietnamese like highly polished tiles, which are more expensive and downright dangerous when wet.
- If you want three-wire electricity (positive, earth, negative wiring), then you must say so, as otherwise you will get two pin plugs and wiring only.
- make sure you have several double power points in each room, and extra power points for tv and audio equipment; and computer desk.
- If you want hot water (to the kitchen as well as the bathroom) , then you must tell the builder and buy the appropriate taps, otherwise no hot water at all. Same for airconditioning. Solar heating is now available in VN.
- if you want an alarm system, have it installed during the build, too.
- Be on site every single day to observe, ask questions and give directions. Engage an English speaking building supervisor to liaise between you and the builder.
I used my carpenter brother in law, who is a neighbour of the builder and speaks trade language. Although I speak Vietnamese well, the builder and I couldn't understand each other's accent and I don't know building trade jargon. This arrangement worked out well.
- Guard your building materials to prevent overnight theft. It is so easy to 'lose' bags of cement, bricks, lengths of steel, and any other removeable items.
- My build was a three month contract, but it took five full months to finish. Over runs are normal. The builder did a very good job and my wife and I are very happy with our house.
My wife continues to have improvements made to the house, such as post-build aircon, better standard lighting, wind out blinds for shade, raising the driveway 40cm to reduce flooding in the wet season.