Hi, Wotewa,
What you're looking at are the requirements to be naturalized as a Brazilian citizen. This is appropriate, because, as Tex says, you can't obtain a Brazilian passport without becoming a citizen first.
There are some things you should consider before deciding on naturalization. They include:
1. Slovenia's attitude on dual citizenship. Some countries do not permit their citizens to obtain a second citizenship, and revoke their citizenship if they do. You'll want to know this before you do anything.
2. If you'll be younger than 45 when you're naturalized, you'll have a military service obligation in Brazil.
3. If you're younger than 70, voting in Brazilian elections will be compulsory for you.
If none of the above poses an insoluble problem for you, you'll first need to physically live in Brazil for at least one continuous year before applying for citizenship. Having the right to live in Brazil but living somewhere else is not sufficient. You'll apply for naturalization to the Federal Police, who also have the records of your arrivals and departures, so they can verify what you tell them.
As Tex said, a candidate for naturalization is required to prove strong fluency in the Portuguese language. The usual and expected way to do this is to take and pass the CelpeBras exam, which, prior to the pandemic, was offered worldwide twice a year. I've posted extensively on this in other threads: search for "CelpeBras" in the Forums, and you'll find full descriptions, and links to take you to the most current information.
To respond to your specific questions,
- "Comprovante de Reabilitação" is proof that a candidate has satisfied any criminal convictions s/he has received. If you criminal record is clear, this is not applicable.
- 10/11. Whatever documentation you used to prove your união estável to obtain your CRNM should be sufficient for this, too. You won't need a marriage certificate.
- 13 details the acceptable proofs of Portuguese fluency. These are:
- passing CelpeBras;
- graduating from a Brazilian university;
- graduating from a Brazilian primary or secondary school, and passing the associated national examination;
- passing the "Vestibular", the entrance exam for Brazilian universities;
- having medical or legal professional qualifications revalidated by the competent Brazilian authorities;
- being selected in a competitive examination for an academic post at a Brazilian university;
- passing a Portuguese course for foreigners offered by a Brazilian university. (These usually end up being prep courses for CelpeBras!)
A candidate is required to demonstrate fluency in one of these ways for his/her application to be accepted. The requirement is only waived for immigrants from Portuguese-speaking countries.